Charger for presses



Dec, 13, 1927; 1,652,883 I H. ACKERMANN CHARGER FOR PRESSES Filed mam. 17. 192'! Patented Dec. 13, 1927. I UNITED STATES 1 1,652,883 PATENT OFFICE.

HUGO ACKEBMANN, OF GODESBERG-ON-THE-RHINE, GERMANY.

CHARGER FOR IPRESSES.

application filed March 17, 1927, Serial No. 176,188, and in Germany March 17, 1926.

The invention relates to charger for presses for the manufacture of artificial stones, blocks, bricks or the like, such as refractory bricks, for instance, and in particular to charger for presses, the press table or moulding box ofwhich is pI'OV1d,, l with a number of moulding openings whlch can be filled with pressing mass simultaneously by a charging box.

The object of the invention is to operate the charging box by mechanical means 1n such manner that the freshly filled charging box at the beginning of its course is at first driven with gradually increased velocity and at the end of its course, when the box approaches the mould openings wlth gradually diminishing velocity.

Another object of the invention is to remove in time the pressed bricks lifted to the plane of the press table, whereby the removal is also effected with gradually increasing velocity at first and with gradually d1- minishing velocity towards the end of the course. I

A further object of the invention is to operate the charging box as well as the driver carrying off the bricks simultaneously by means of the same mechanical device.

The drawing shows a preferred form of a hydraulic press equipped with a mechanical charging device in accordance with the invention.

Fig. 1 is a view of the press, partially 1n section, the mechanismfor running the charging box and the driver being shown in outline. I

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of the press on a line slightly above the charging box.

The press tab e a is secured to the pillars a which connect the upper press cylinder (1 with the lower press cylinder 6. Three mould openings 7 are provided mthe press table a. The charging box I) rests in ts extreme position of rest on a prolongation of the press table; a on; the r1 ght-l 1and side. The-charging box Z1"'is. d1 y1ded into three compartments by. twotransverse Walls 4), the

. said compartments corresponding to the ing box 6, the latter is vertically shiftable mould openings f of. the presstable; The

compartmentsof the charging'boxare open at the bottom, being closed by the surface of the table on which the charging box 7; tightly rests. In order to ensure absolute tightness between the table a and the chargbetween the frame parts g in such manner that it rests on the table a by means of its own weight.

The frame parts 9 are secured to the rod h which runs in a straight line in the guides z', i. The rod k is run by a crank gearing shown in outline with the help of the connecting rod Z and the lever .70. The crank gearing consists of the pinion wheel n on tremity is rigidly connected to the frame parts 9 by the ledge a. The transverse arm 9, when the charging box 6 is in its extreme position of rest, lies as closely as possible to the mould openings 7 in such manner that the upper dies r can conveniently pass by and enter the mould openings. The transverse arm 9 serves as driver for the pressed .bricks u ejected fromthemould openings by I the lower dies t.

In Fig. 1 the press is shown at the moment in which the pressed bricks u have been ejected from the mould openings by the lower dies t after the return of the upper dies r." During the pressing operation the charging box 6 in its extreme position of rest was filled with pressing mass, whereby each of the three compartments of the charging box contains just enough for one brick. As soon, now, in ejecting the pressed bricks the surfacesof the lower dies are flush with the press table, the piston y of the hydraulic cylinder p is moved upward by pressure water, the rack 0 causing the pinion wheel 'n to revolve, and the crank-m of the crank gearing rotates from the rear dead center 1' position indicated by u, on the left-hand prolongation of the press table outside the press. The stroke 8 of the rod h is arranged in such manner that, at the end of the stroke, when the crank m of the crank gearing isat the front dead center 2,..the lower openings of the compartments of the charging box are exactly over the mould opemngs f.

'The lower dies t are now lowered. The pressing mass resting on the lower press dies hereby follows the movement of the press dies and glides out 'ofthe compartments of the charging box into the mould openings. After charging the mould openings the r h is moved back again by the return of the crank m to the rear dead center 1 until the charging box I) has again arrived at 1ts extreme position of rest and is ready to receive another charge of the presslng mass.

The further pressing operatlons until the pressed bricks are ejected are performed as above described.

On account of the charging box I) be ng run by a crank drive, the crank m of which is turned from one dead center to the other, the forward stroke of the charging box as well as of the pressed bricks begins with a very low velocity without jerks. The veloclty then gradually increases, reaching its maximum approximately at the middle of the course and then diminishing until the stop takes place, again without jerks, at the end of the course.

This method of propelling the charging box'and the pressed bricks admits the use of very high average speeds both for the charging box and the pressed brlck dr1ver and accordingly theshortest ehargingtimes ever attained.

In shoving the charging box by hand as" heretofore practiced, it is impossible to avoid sudden changes of speed during the course. The more the operator tries to accelerate the work, the more v olent will be the movement.

charging box will be mould openings. The pressing mass in the chargi'ngbox is in this way first set in motion,.. and the sudden stop of the charging box at the end of the course brings about an accumulation of the at the beginning and the pressing mass within the charging box at its front wall. The jerk produced by the sudden stopping of the charging box further brings about a separation of the somewhat dry pressing mass composed of coarse and fine grains, whereby the coarse grains in particular are thrown forward. The result is lack of uniformity of' the charge and defective and unevenly pressed bricks.

- Even in the above referred to propulsion of the charging box by means of a lever mechanism. so well known in toggle-jointlever presses, the same drawbacks may be found due to a sudden and jerky starting and stopping. v A gradually increasing velocity at the beginning and a gradually diminishing velocity at the end of the course may also be attained by connecting the driving rods with suitable curve discs, and the like, instead of using a crank gearing. The simplest and safest way, however,

of ensuring the results aimed at in the invention with respect to the propulsion of the charging box is the use of the crank gearing' The pressed bricks as ejected from the mold openings may also be removed by hand. The loss of time hereby incurred can, however, be avoided by having the pressed bricks resting onv the lower dies shoved off from the press, as above described, by means of a SPGClfll'dBlVGI connected with the charging moved with a gradually increasing velocit at the beginning and with agradually d1- minishing velocity at the end of its course,

elliptical pinion Wheels I box, as in this case the pressed brick is whereby damage to the fresh and consequently sensitive pressed bricks despite the hilgh average velocity cannot possibly take p ace. 1

In order to avoid jerks as far as possible when the movement first sets in, it is necessary that the pressed bricks be carried ofi just as the forward stroke begins. If, accordingly, the charging box is in the immediate vicinity of the mould openin s in its ex-. treme position of rest, the presse bricks can f in that case even be shoved off by the charg-.

ing box itself. If, however, as assumed in the example illustrated in the drawings, there is a considerable distance between the mould openings and the charging box, the advanced charging box would strike with a hock against the pressed bricks. In this case it is accordingly necessary to provide a special driver arranged as near as possible.

to the mould openings,- said driver being moved simultaneously with the charging.

box with a velocity gradually increasing at the beginning and gradually diminishing towards the end of the course.

' As the upper dies must pass the driver with I a certain amount of clearance, a certain intermediate spa-ce between the pressed bricks and the driver at the beginning of the driver stroke is unavoidable. The driver will, ac-

cordingly, have a certain, but nevertheless I very low velocity, when striking the pressed bricks. Detrimental effects due to this very insignificant shock can, however, be altogether eliminated by providing the driver with a felt pad. At the end of the forward stroke the pressed bricks finally stop without jerks and can be conveniently removed during the further pressing operation.

What I claim is:

1. A device for charging brick presses,

characterized by the combination of a ,press table or moulding box provided with mould openmgs. a charging box shiftable thereon and means for propelling the filledcharging box with a gradually increasing velocity at the beginnin of its course and with a gradually dimini ing velocity at the end, of its course when the box approaches the mould openings. 2. A device for charging bricks presses, characterized by the combination of a press table or moulding box provided with mould openings, a charging boxshiftable thereon, means for propelling the filled charging box with gradually increasing velocity at the beinningof its course and gradually diminishmg velocity at the end of its course over the mould openings and then back again to its original position of rest, and a driver carry- 3. A device for charging brick presses, characterized by the combination of a press table or moulding box provided with mould 20 openings, a, charging box shiftable thereon, a driver for removing the pressed bricks and a crank gearing for moving the charging box and the driver to and fro.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my 25 name to this specification at Cologne, Germany, this 26th da of February, 1927.

UGO ACKERMANN. 

